ASD

Atrial septal defect

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is a congenital defect involving an opening in the atrial septum, resulting in left-to-right shunting of blood. The shunt size and pulmonary vascular resistance typically determine the clinical impact. Small defects may remain asymptomatic and close spontaneously, but larger ASDs can lead to significant hemodynamic changes, including increased right-sided volume load, pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular dilation, and eventually atrial arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation.

Closure can be performed surgically or via transcatheter devices, with a high success rate and low procedural risk.